Since the passing of the Resource Management Act (RMA) in 1991, iwi have been encouraged to become more involved in resource management processes. A key tool for being more involved has been the development of a planning document that presents the views of iwi – commonly referred to as an Iwi Management Plan (IMP).
The stocktake of IMPs was to identify the iwi, hapū or whanau that produced them, the date the IMP was produced, and the region of the country where the group in located. KCSM understand this is the first stocktake of IMPs to determine the extent to which this strategy for RMA involvement for has been pursued by iwi.
Methodology
To take stock of the existing IMPs, KCSM developed the following:
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a comprehensive list of iwi, hapū and related organisations using lists from the Ministry for the Environment, regional councils, Tūhono and Te Ohu Kaimoana
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a telephone questionnaire.
The final list was as comprehensive as possible, and included all organisations representing iwi, hapū and other organisations representing more than one iwi.
The telephone questionnaire is in Appendix 1. This questionnaire was used to check a wide range of information from respondents in five to 10 minutes. More detailed information was provided subsequently by the sample of 10 iwi organisations selected for face-to-face interviews.
Findings
The following tables summarise the information assembled by telephoning the iwi organisations on the list generated as above.
Table 1. List of iwi / hapū and iwi / hapū organisations by region
| Region | Iwi / Hapū | Iwi / Hapū Organisations |
|---|---|---|
| Te Taitokerau | 10 | 10 |
| Hauraki | 6 | 4 |
| Tamaki Makaurau | 6 | 6 |
| Waikato | 5 | 5 |
| Te Arawa | 7 | 7 |
| Mataatua | 10 | 10 |
| Te Tairawhiti | 5 | 4 |
| Takitimu | 6 | 6 |
| Taranaki | 7 | 7 |
| Whanganui | 2 | 2 |
| Te Upoko o Te Ika | 6 | 6 |
| Te Tau Ihu | 7 | 7 |
| Te Wai Pounamu | 4 | 3 |
| TOTAL | 81 | 77 |
Table 2. Responses to telephone survey
|
| Number | Proportion (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Iwi organisations | 77 | 100% |
| Listed as having an IMP | 38 | 49% |
| Responded to the telephone contact | 40 | 53% |
| Agreed to do the phone survey when contacted | 31 | 78% |
| Those surveyed that stated they had an IMP | 16 | 52% |
| Not contactable by phone after three attempts | 37 | 48% |
| Not contactable and listed as having an IMP | 22 | 59% |
Of the 40 organisations spoken to, six could not respond as they had to clear the information to be provided with their trustees, and the next trustee meeting was beyond the limited time available for the review.
Table 3 below lists those 16 iwi organisations that responded to the telephone survey and had IMPs. The table identifies the date their IMP was completed and the region they are in.
Table 3. Iwi organisations with IMPs based on the phone survey
| Iwi Organisation | IMP Date | Region |
|---|---|---|
| Ngati Wai Trust Board | In progress | Te Taitokerau |
| Te Runanga o Te Rarawa | 1998 | Te Taitokerau |
| Te Runanga O Ngati Rehia | 2004 | Te Taitokerau |
| Te Runanga o Ngati Whatua | 1992 | Te Taitokerau |
| Hauraki Māori Trust Board | 2004 | Hauraki |
| Te Kawerau a Maki | 1995 | Tamaki Makau Rau |
| Maniapoto Māori Trust Board | 2002 | Waikato |
| Waikato Raupatu Lands Trust | 1998 | Waikato |
| Ngai Te Rangi Charitable Trust | 1995, 1999 | Mataatua |
| Te Runanga o Ngati Pikiao | 1987 | Te Arawa |
| Whakatohea Māori Trust Board | 1993 | Mataatua |
| Te Iwi o Rakaipaaka | 2000 | Takitimu |
| Ngati Rarua ki Wairau Trust | 2002 | Te Tau Ihu o Te Ika |
| Ngati Koata Trust | 2002 | Te Tau Ihu o Te Ika |
| Te Runanga o Ngai Tahu | 1997 | Te Waipounamu |
| Kai Tahu Ki Otakau | 1995 | Te Waipounamu |
Table 4 below lists another 19 iwi groups by region and identified as having Iwi Management Plans according to information provided by councils.
Table 4. Iwi organisations not contacted but listed by councils as having IMPs
| Iwi Organisation | Region |
|---|---|
| Ngāti Whatua o Orakei Māori Trust Board | Te Tai Tokerau |
| Te Hao o Ngāti Whatua | Te Tai Tokerau |
| Awaroa Ki Manuka | Tamaki Makaurau |
| Ngai Tai ki Tamaki Trust. | Tamaki Makaurau |
| Ngāti Paoa Whanau Trust Board | Tamaki Makaurau |
| Ngāti Rehua-Ngatiwai ki Aotea Trust | Tamaki Makaurau |
| Ngā Tai Ki Umupuia | Tamaki Makaurau |
| Te Runanganui O Tapuika me Waitaha | Mataatua |
| Ngati Pukenga ki Tauranga | Mataatua |
| Runanga o Ngaiterangi | Mataatua |
| Tuwharetoa ki Kawerau | Mataatua |
| Ngai Tai | Mataatua |
| Ngati Porou Hapū | Tairawhiti |
| Te Iwi O Rongomaiwahine | Tairawhiti |
| He Tohu Pou Whenua Taranaki | Taranaki |
| Te Runanga o Ngati Hauiti | Te Upoko o Te Ika |
| Ngati Raukawa | Te Upoko o Te Ika |
| Te Atiawa Manawhenua Ki Te Tau Ihu | Te Tai Ihu o Te Ika |
| Ngati Toa Ki Wairau | Te Tai Ihu o Te Ika |
Of the iwi organisations that agreed to do the phone survey but did not have an IMP at present (15), all intended to develop one in the future. Reasons for not having already developed a plan included:
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lack of resources – including funds, time and people to develop a plan
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lack of capacity – specifically intellectual capacity to develop and implement the plan
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lack of support – from district and regional councils
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not a priority at the moment.
Conclusions
A total of 77 organisations were identified as relevant to this investigation. Thirty-eight organisations were listed by councils as having an IMP.
Of the iwi organisations that agreed to do the phone survey (31), 16 had IMPs, and the rest (15) were keen to develop one.
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2. Stocktake of Iwi Management Plans
July 2004
© Ministry for the Environment