References

Ajitć, J, Connor, BJ, Lawrence, BN, Bodeker, GE, Hoppel, KW, Rosenfield, JE, Heuff, DN (2004). Dilution of the Antarctic ozone hole into southern midlatitudes, 1998. Journal of Geophysical Research 109, D17107. DOI: 10.1029/2003JD004500.

Anderson, A (2013). A fragile plenty: pre-European Māori and the New Zealand environment. In Pawson, E, & Brooking, T (Eds), Making a new land: environmental histories of New Zealand (2nd ed). Dunedin: Otago University Press.

Anderson, B, Kerr, T, & Milner, A (2016). Alpine processes. In Jellyman, PG, Davie, TJA, Pearson, CP, & Harding, JS (Eds), Advances in New Zealand freshwater science. Christchurch: New Zealand Freshwater Sciences Society.

Barnosky, AD, Matzke, N, Tomiya, S, Wogan, GOU, Swartz, B, Quental, TB, … Ferrer, EA (2011). Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived? Nature 471, 51–57. DOI: 10.1038/nature09678.

Barron, M, Pech, R, Christie, J, Tait, A, Byrom, A, & Elliott, G (2016). Climate change impacts and implications for New Zealand to 2100. Synthesis report: RA2 alpine case study. The beech forests of New Zealand. Retrieved from http://ccii.org.nz

Bates, NR, Astor, YM, Church, MJ, Currie, K, Dore, JE, Gonzálex-Dávila, M,… Santana-Casiano, JM (2014). A time-series view of changing ocean chemistry due to ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO₂ and ocean acidification. Oceanography, 27(1), 126–141.

Bickler, S, Clough, R, & Macready, S (2013). The impact of climate change on the archaeology of New Zealand’s coastline. Retrieved from www.doc.govt.nz.

CAIT (2017). CAIT climate data explorer. Retrieved from http://cait.wri.org.

Chinn, TJ (2001). Distribution of the glacial water resources of New Zealand. Journal of Hydrology: New Zealand, 40(2), 139–187.

Clark, AJ, Nottage, RAC, Wilcocks, L, Lee, JM, Burke, C, Kalaugher, E, & Cowie, B (2012). Impacts of climate change on land-based sectors and adaptation options. Stakeholder report 2012. Retrieved from www.mpi.govt.nz.

Cnossen, I, Sanz-Forcada, J, Favata, F, Witasse, O, Zegers, T, & Arnold, NF (2007). Habitat of early life: Solar X-ray and UV radiation at Earth’s surface 4–3.5 billion years ago. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112(E). DOI: 10.1029/2006JE002784.

Dean, SM, Rosier S, Carey-Smith T, & Stott PA (2013). The role of climate change in the two-day extreme rainfall in Golden Bay, New Zealand, December 2011. In Explaining extreme events of 2012 from a climate perspective. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 94(9), S61–S63.

Dunford, A, Weinstock, DM, Savova, V, Schumacher, SE, Cleary, JP, Yoda, A, & Lane, AA (2017). Tumor-suppressor genes that escape from X-inactivation contribute to cancer sex bias. Nature Genetics, 49(1), 10–16.

EIA Briefing (2016). Kigali amendment to the Montreal Protocol: A crucial step in the fight against catastrophic climate change. EIA briefing to the 22nd conference of the parties to the UNFCCC. Retrieved from www https://eia-international.org.

Ferlay, J, Soerjomataram, I, Dikshit, R, Eser, S, Mathers, C, Rebelo, M,… Bray, F (2014). Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. International Journal of Cancer, 136(5), E359–E386. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29210.

Geller, AC, Miller, DR, Swetter, SM, Demierre, M, & Gilchrest, BA (2006). A call for the development and implementation of a targeted national melanoma screening program. Archives of Dermatology, 142(4), 504–507. DOI: 10.1001/archderm.142.4.504.

Grayson, KL, Mitchell, NJ, Monks, JM, Keall, SN, Wilson, JN, & Nelson, NJ (2014). Sex ratio bias and extinction risk in an isolated population of tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus). PLoS One, 9(4), e94214.

Hambling, T (2012). Environmental health indicators: development of a tool to assess and monitor the impacts of climate change on human health. Health Analysis & Information for Action (HAIFA). Retrieved from www.esr.cri.nz.

Harmsworth GR, & Awatere S (2013). Indigenous Māori knowledge and perspectives of ecosystems. In Dymond JR ed. Ecosystem services in New Zealand – conditions and trends. Lincoln, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press.

Harrington, L, Rosier, S, Dean, S, Stuart, S, & Schaill, A (2014). The role of anthropogenic climate change in the 2013 drought over North Island New Zealand. In Explaining extremes of 2013 from a climate perspective. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 95 (9), S15–S18. Retrieved from www.ametsoc.org.

Hartmann, DL, Klein Tank, AMG, Rusticucci, M, Alexander, LV, Brönnimann, S, Charabi, Y, & Zhai, PM (2013). Observations: atmosphere and surface. In Stocker, TF, Qin, D, Plattner, GK, Tignor, M, Allen, SK, Boschung, J, & Midgley, PM (Eds), Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Herring, SC, Hoell, A, Hoerling, MP, Kossin, JP, Schreck III, CJ, & Stott, PA (Eds) (2016). Explaining extreme events of 2015 from a climate perspective. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97(12), S1–S145.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007). The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S, Qin, D, Manning, M, Chen, Z, Marquis, M, Averyt, KB, M,… Miller, HL (Eds)]. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, page 996.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2012). Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation. A special report of working groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [Field, CB, Barros, V, Stocker, TF, Qin, D, Dokken, DJ, Ebi, KL,… Midgley, PM (Eds)]. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2013). Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, TF, Qin, D, Plattner, GK, Tignor, M, Allen, SK, Boschung, J, … Midgley, PM (Eds)]. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2014a). Climate change 2014: Synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [core writing team, Pachauri RK & Meyer LA (Eds)]. Geneva: Author.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2014b). Summary for policymakers. In Field, CB, Barros, VR, Dokken, DJ, Mach, KJ, Mastrandrea, MD, Bilir, TE, … L.L. White, LL (Eds), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Kanawa, L (2010). Climate change implications for Māori. In Selby, R, Moore, P, & Mulholland, M (Eds), Maori and the environment: Kaitiaki. Wellington: Huia Publishers.

Kelly, D, Geldenhuis, A, James, A, Penelope Holland, E, Plank, MJ, Brockie, RE, & Mark, AF (2013). Of mast and mean: differential‐temperature cue makes mast seeding insensitive to climate change. Ecology Letters, 16(1), 90–98.

King, D, Penny, G, & Severne, C (2010). The climate change matrix facing Māori society. In Nottage, R, Wratt, D, Borman, J & Jones, K (Eds), Climate change adaptation in New Zealand: Future scenarios and some sectoral perspectives, 110–111. Wellington: New Zealand Climate Change Centre.

King, D, Tawhai, W, Skipper, A, & Iti, W (2005) Anticipating local weather events and climate using traditional Māori indicators. NIWA Client report AKL-2005-129. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

Lal, A, Lill, AWT, McIntyre, M, Hales, S, Baker, MG, & French, NP (2015). Environmental change and enteric zoonoses in New Zealand: A systematic review of the evidence. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39(1), 63-68. DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12274.

Lesch, K-P, Bengel, D, Heils, A, Sabol, SZ, Greenberg, BD, Petri, S, & Murphy, DL (1996). Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transport gene regulatory region. Science, 274(5292), 1527–1531.

Lester, PJ, Haywood, J, Archer, ME, & Shortall, CR (2017). The long‐term population dynamics of common wasps in their native and invaded range. Journal of Animal Ecology, 86(2), 337–347.

Liley, JB (2009). New Zealand dimming and brightening. Journal of  Geophysical Research, 114, D00D10. DOI: 10.1029/2008JD011401.

Manning, M, Lawrence, J, King, DN, Chapman, R (2015). Dealing with changing risks: a New Zealand perspective on climate change adaptation. Regional Environmental Change, Vol 15(4), 581–594.

MacDiarmid, A, McKenzie, A, Sturman, J, Beaumont, J, Mikaloff-Fletcher, S, & Dunne, J (2012). Assessment of anthropogenic threats to New Zealand marine habitats. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity report no 93. Wellington: Ministry for Primary Industries.

Marcott, SA, Shakun, JD, Clark, PU, & Mix, AC (2013). A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years. Science, 339(6124), 1198–1201. DOI: 10.1126/science.1228026

Marshall, G (2003). Trend in the Southern Annular Mode from observations and reanalyses. Journal of Climate, 16, 4134–4143.

McFadgen, BG (2007). Hostile shores: Catastrophic events in pre-historic New Zealand and their impact on Māori coastal communities. Auckland: Auckland University Press.

McKenzie, RL, Aucamp, PJ, Bais, AF, Bjorn, LO, Ilyas, M, & Madronich, S (2011). Ozone depletion and climate change: Impacts on UV radiation. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 10, 182–198.

McKenzie, RL, Bodeker, GE, Scott, G, & Slusser, J, (2006). Geographical differences in erythemally-weighted UV measured at mid-latitude USDA sites. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 5(3), 343–352.

McKenzie, RL, Smale, D, Bodeker, G (2003). Ozone profile differences between Europe and New Zealand: Effects on surface UV irradiance and its estimation from satellite sensors. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, D6, 4179. DOI: 10.1029/2002JD002770.

Minister for the Environment (2015). Report of the Minister for the Environment on the operation of the Ozone Layer Protection Act 1996 for the period ended 31 December 2015. Presented to the House of Representatives Pursuant to Subsection (2) of Section 30, of the Ozone Layer Protection Act 1996. Retrieved from www.parliament.nz.

Ministry for the Environment (2008). Tauranga City Council prepares for more intense rainfall. Retrieved from www.mfe.govt.nz.

Ministry for the Environment (2016). Climate change projections for New Zealand: Atmosphere projections based on simulations undertaken for the IPCC 5th assessment. Retrieved from www.mfe.govt.nz.

Ministry for the Environment (2017a). New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2015. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment. Retrieved from www.mfe.govt.nz.

Ministry for the Environment (2017b). New Zealand’s seventh national communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol. Manuscript in preparation.

Ministry for the Environment & Department of Conservation (2017). Conservation and environment science roadmap. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment and Department of Conservation.

Ministry for Primary Industries (2013). The 2012–13 drought: an assessment and historical perspective. MPI technical paper no 2012/18. Prepared for MPI by NIWA. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

Ministry of Health (2016). Cancer: New registrations and deaths 2013. Retrieved from www.moh.govt.nz.

Mullan, AB, Stuart, SJ, Hadfield, MG, & Smith, MJ (2010). Report on the review of NIWA’s ‘seven-station’ temperature series. NIWA information series no 78. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

NASA (2017a). Ozone hole watch. Retrieved from https://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov.

NASA (2017b). Satellite data confirm annual carbon dioxide minimum above 400 ppm. Retrieved from https://climate.nasa.gov.

New Zealand Treasury (2013). Budget economic and fiscal update 2013: 16 May 2013, pp 7–26. Retrieved from www.treasury.govt.nz.

NIWA (nd-a). El Niño and La Niña. Retrieved July 2017 from www.niwa.co.nz.

NIWA (nd-b). New Zealand temperature record. Retrieved July 2017 from www.niwa.co.nz.

NIWA (2006). The Southern Annular Mode and New Zealand climate. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

NIWA (2007). El Niño and climate forecasting. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

NIWA (2010). Report on the Review of NIWA’s ‘seven-station’ temperature series. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

NIWA (2016). New Zealand reaches climate change milestone. Retrieved from www.niwa.co.nz.

Norris, JR, Allen, RJ, Evan, AT, Zelinka, MD, O’Dell, CW, & Klein, SA (2016). Evidence for climate change in the satellite cloud record. Nature, 536(7614), 72–75.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2017). Environmental pressures rising in New Zealand. Retrieved from www.oecd.org.

Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment (PCE) (2015). Preparing New Zealand for rising seas: Certainty and uncertainty. Retrieved from www.pce.parliament.nz.

Reisinger, A, Kitching, RL, Chiew, F, Hughes, L, Newton, PCD, Schuster, SS, & Whetton, P (2014). Australasia. In Barros, VR, Field, CB, Dokken, DJ, Mastrandrea, MD, Mach, KJ, Bilir, TE, & White, LL (Eds), Climate change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp 1371–1438). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Rogelj, J, den Elzen, M, Höhne, N, Fransen, T, Fekete, H, Winkler, H,… Meinshausen, M (2016). Paris Agreement climate proposals need a boost to keep warming well below 2°C. Nature, 534, 631–639. DOI: 10.1038/nature18307.

Rosier, S, Dean, S, Stuart, S, Carey-Smith, T, Black, MT, & Massey, N (2015). Extreme rainfall in early July 2014 in Northland, New Zealand – was there an anthropogenic influence? In Explaining extreme events of 2014 from a climate perspective. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (12), S136–140.

Royal Society Te Āparangi (2017). Human health impacts of climate change for New Zealand. Manuscript in preparation; to be available from https://royalsociety.org.nz/climate-change-health.

Salinger, MJ, & Mullan, AB (1999). New Zealand climate: temperature and precipitation variations and their link with atmospheric circulation 1930–1994. International Journal of Climatology, 19(10), 1049–1071. Available from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com. 

Salinger, MJ, Renwick, JA, & Mullan, AB (2001). Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and South Pacific climate. International Journal of Climatology, 21(14), 1705–1721.

Selby, R, Moore, P, & Mulholland, M (2010). Maori and the environment: Kaitiaki. Wellington: Huia Publishers.

Solomon, S, Ivy, DJ, Kinnison, D, Mills, MJ, Neely III, RR, & Schmidt, A (2016). Emergence of healing in the Antarctic ozone layer. Science, 353(6296), 269–274.

Spedding, S (2014). Vitamin D and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing studies with and without biological flaws. Nutrients, 6(4), 1501–1518. DOI: 10.3390/nu6041501.

Statistics NZ (2016). Tatauranga Umanga Māori 2016: Statistics on Māori businesses. Retrieved from www.stats.govt.nz.

Steffen, W, Richardson, K, Rockström, J, Cornell, SE, Fetzer, I, Bennett, EM, Biggs, R, … Sörlin, S (2015). Planetary Boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 347(6223).

Thacher, TD, & Clarke, BL (2011). Vitamin D insufficiency. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 86(1), 50–60. DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0567.

Tompkins, D, Brock, A, Jones, G, Mcbride, G, Tait, A, Benschop, J, & Slaney, D (2012). Modelling the impacts of climate change on infectious diseases in New Zealand. Prepared by the Institute of Environmental Science and Research with NIWA, Landcare Research, and Massey and Waikato Universities. Retrieved from http://haifa.esr.cri.nz.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (2017). Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: Progress report, 2016. Retrieved from http://ozone.unep.org.

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (2006). United Nations framework Convention on Climate Change Handbook. Retrieved from https://unfccc.int.

University of Colarado (nd). 2016_rel4: Global mean sea level time series (seasonal signals removed). Retrieved 19 September 2017 from http://sealevel.colorado.edu/.

Whiteman, DC, Green, AC, Olsen, CM (2016). The growing burden of invasive melanoma: Projections of incidence rates and numbers of new cases in six susceptible populations through 2031.  Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 136 (6), 1161–1171.

Williamson, CE, Zepp, RG, Lucas, RM, Madronich, S, Austin, AT, Ballaré, CL,… Bornman, JF (2014). Solar ultraviolet radiation in a changing climate. Nature Climate Change, 4, 434–441.

World Resources Institute (2015). CAIT country greenhouse gas emissions: Sources & methods. Retrieved from www.cait.wri.org.